The novel Ali and Nino is an important work for understanding the cultural atmosphere of the South Caucasus between the two world wars, a representation of the intergenerational transformation of the Azerbaijanis of this region from the culture of the East to the West and understanding the formation of anti-colonial nationalist ideas there. The current research, using the Pedam discourse analysis method and using the teachings of the theory of identity negotiation, to study the quality of the reflection of the intercultural communication between Muslims and Christians and the identification of the people living in the geography of the South Caucasus in the years 1910 to 1920. deals in this novel. According to the identity negotiation theory, people in multicultural societies negotiate the differences and similarities they perceive between themselves and the society, the result of which is the formation of their identity, in this research as well. The multicultural atmosphere of the South Caucasus region has provided a suitable platform for identity negotiation. The results of this research and the identity and cultural currents of the South Caucasus region are: The modern current that sees the horizon of progress in the West;Eclectic ideas that combine East and West; The trend of seeking identity and seeking independence, which provides the basis for the new state-nations; The approach of the peaceful life of the people of the diverse cultures of the region; The resistance of different cultures against each other, which is mainly based on religious and ethnic values.