Governments have used various methods and tools for policy making and planning towards public goals and interests; The emergence of new media has caused the fan culture that is formed around cultural and media industries to be noticed and used by policy makers in governments and global commercial companies as one of the different types of popular culture. In this research, firstly, the meaning and concept of fan culture is discussed from the etymological and theoretical point of view, and then its relationship with the theory of instrumentalism in public policy is explained. Then, according to the theoretical structure, and using the online focus group interview method, the role of fan culture in the economic policies and popular diplomacy of South Korea has been studied in Iran. The results show that under the concept of emotional economy, the two categories "feeling of mutual love" and "support as a fan identity" are considered the most important motivational mechanisms for fans, and under the concept of gift economy, the category "receiving love in exchange for support" is an important element. It was discovered in the economic policies of fandom. Also, under the concept of soft power and popular diplomacy, categories such as "attitude toward Korean language" and "attitude toward Korean history and culture" were categorized.